Saturday, October 13, 2018

NASA's Kepler Mission Greatest Findings



NASA's Kepler Mission
The Search For New Worlds

Since the beginning of time mankind has gazed upon the stars and all the beauty of the heavens wondering if we are truly alone on this sanctuary we call earth.

Never before have we possessed the technology and resources to answer questions like this. NASA's Kepler Mission has illuminated our understanding that planetary and star systems like our own exist commonly throughout the universe.

Our interpretation of the results will ultimately define how we perceive habitable zones and the many types of harmonic and chaotic planetary star systems that exist in our universe. We will learn more about universal elemental abundances, atmospheric compositions and conditions for life. Here we will find the future of planetary sciences.

The Kepler Mission provided researchers with over 3 years of continuous light data for over 503,506 stars in  our neighboring Lyrae, Draco and Cygnus star constellations. Someday we may even understand that exoplanets exist more commonly in the universe than stars. 

Results from the Kepler Mission have indicated that many more massive planets were found around massive stars. Information gathered allows analysis of the moving dynamics of star systems, atmospheric structures and with this information we can create planetary profiles.

To date all known planets have been discovered from a variety of techniques including transit surveys, radial velocities, gravitational lenses, interactions, infrared heat signatures, and visual confirmations.

From these we see giant gas planets, mini Neptune's, water worlds and many exotic super earth like planets. We have also find that binary and trinary star systems are abundant with planets as well, these systems may exist more frequently that single stars like our sun!



Binary and Trinary star systems tend to have large transit timing variations due to many gravitational interactions. Planets revealing transit timing variations hint the presence of other planets.

Planetary and star systems exhibit strong resonance via conservation of angular momentum; the key foundation of moving dynamics and star system harmonics. Information can be extracted revealing the details of moving dynamics, Keplerian Motion, orbital timings, planet to planet interactions, light travel time and spectral analysis.

A Habitable Zone is the area around a star where liquid water may exist, This defines whether or not a planet may be hospitable to life as we know it.

The inner edge or the hot zone is typically up to 340 Kelvins where water vapor dramatically increases and creates strong greenhouse atmospheric conditions. At 373 Kelvins Oceans evaporate entirely on earth like planetary models.



The opposite edge of the habitable zone is 273 Kelvins where water freezes. This is also about 1.7 AU from a sun-like star because planetary atmospheres become opaque to stellar radiation. In addition short period planets with non zero eccentricity hint the presence of other low mass planets. Internal planetary structures may be probed if 2 planets exist.

Exploring the results of the Kepler Mission below estimates now that up to %30 of stars may harbor earthlike planets that our technology may not be easily able to detect yet; we however do find many larger super-earth like planets. Our results also indicate that older red dwarf stars tend to be deficient of gas planets. Hot Jupiter's were missing from Kepler results possibly due to reflectivity. Hot Neptune's and super earths have been found most frequently.


Confirmed Planets 4,197
Detected By Kepler 2,622
Kepler Candidates 2418
Detected By K2 409
K2 Candidates 889
TESS Confirmed 66
TESS Candidates 2120

Ice Giants 1,250

Gas Planets 1,001

Super Earths 776

Terrestrial 348


By Detection Method

Astrometry 1

Imaging 44

Radial Velocities 686

Transit 2960

Transit Timing Variations 15

Eclipsing Timing Variations 9

Microlensing 64

Pulsating Timing Variations 2

Orbital Brightness Modulations 6

By Kepler Light Curves 2622

Transiting 2983











Exoplanets -NASA's search for other planets like earth, maybe even life. Making History is a first time opportunity for citizens to work with NASA and Kepler Mission survey data. Aiding the search to find other planets like earth. This Opportunity is for looking a bit more fine-tuned into the mass of data from NASA's survey missions.

Your efforts are welcomed because of the overwhelming amount of data, and the fact that people are likely to discover planets that technology used sometimes overlook. Many discoveries have already happened, citizens scientists are welcomed to work with NASA and PlanetHunters.org

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